Ghid cuprinzător pentru înțelegerea familiilor de cabluri de alimentare

Electricitatea din punctul său de origine curge prin cabluri de alimentare, care sunt componente indispensabile ale sistemelor electrice.

– Tipuri de familii de cabluri de alimentare:

Cablurile de alimentare sunt de obicei grupate în familii în funcție de tensiunea nominală, materialul conductorului, tipul de izolație și alte caracteristici. Unele familii comune de cabluri de alimentare includ:
1. Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Insulated Power Cables: These types use PVC as the insulation material for low and medium voltage uses such as residential and commercial wiring.
2. Cross-linked Polyethylene (XLPE) Insulated Power Cables: These ones possess outstanding electrical properties and are suitable for high and extra-high voltage applications. They are widely used in power distribution networks.
3. Rubber Insulated Power Cables: These have rubber as the insulating material known for its bendability and toughness making it ideal in portable power or industrial applications.
4. Armored Power Cables: Metallic protective layer like steel or aluminum gives birth to armored cables which provide mechanical strength and resistance to any form of damage that may be met along the way. This is why they are popularly preferred in underground and outdoor installations.

– Tensiune nominală în familia de cabluri de alimentare:

Produsele prin cablu există în diferite tensiuni nominale menite să se potrivească diferitelor domenii de aplicare, unele evaluări comune fiind:
1. Low Voltage (LV) Cables: Low voltage (LV) cables have a maximum operating voltage of less than 1 kV which means they can be applied in domestic house wiring as well as commercial buildings.
2. Medium Voltage (MV) Cables: MV cables come with a range of voltages between 1 kV to 35 kV serving distribution networks as well as factories among other industrial places.
3. High Voltage (HV), Extra High Voltage (EHV) Cables: HV and EHV cables have highest operating voltages above 35kV even up to 230kV & more for long distance transmission plus substation applications.

– Conductori din familia de cabluri de alimentare:

Conductorii din cablurile de alimentare pot fi din cupru, aluminiu sau miez de oțel torsadate din aluminiu (ACSR). Selectarea materialului conductor depinde de factori precum costul, conductivitatea, rezistența mecanică și rezistența la coroziune.

– Aplicații din seria de cabluri de alimentare:

Seria de cabluri de alimentareeste folosit într-o gamă largă de aplicații, inclusiv;
1. Residential and commercial buildings: PVC insulated cables are often used for wiring in residential and commercial buildings.
2. Distribution networks: XLPE insulated cables and armored cables are used for power distribution and ensure efficient and reliable power transmission.
3. Industrial applications: Rubber insulated cables and ACSR conductors are often used in industrial environments such as factories and power plants where durability and high conductivity are essential.
4. Renewable energy: There exist special features of some cables like UV resistance, flexibility which make them suitable to be installed at renewable energy facilities eg solar or wind farms.

Seria de cabluri de alimentare cuprinde diferite tipuri de cabluri concepute pentru a se potrivi cerințelor electrice sau de mediu distincte. Pentru a alege cablul potrivit pentru un anumit proiect, este necesar să cunoașteți diferitele serii împreună cu aplicațiile lor.